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The nanostructured thin NiO films with the thicknesses of 30–180 nm were examined as a sensing electrode (SE) for the planar mixed-potential-type yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)-based NO2 sensor. The sensing characteristics were examined in the temperature range of 600–800 °C under the wet condition (5 vol.% water vapor). Among the NiO-SEs tested, the 60 nm-thick NiO-SE sintered at 1,000 °C was found...
Nanocrystalline CeO2-doped (5, 7.5, 10, and 15 mol%) Gd2O3 powders, with a particle size of about 17 nm, were synthesized through the combustion of glycine/nitrate gels. Dense nanocrystalline materials were obtained by hot uniaxial sintering. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy examinations, as well as X-ray diffraction analyses, have allowed us to...
We study the thermal stability, local structure, and electrical properties of the α-MnO2 phase doped with Sn and Co. It is found that doping prevents the transformation from α-MnO2 to α-Mn2O3 that occurred in the temperature range of 500–600 °C. Samples have been synthesized in an acidic medium using the reduction of potassium permanganate by fumaric acid. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) of pure...
A new Li4Ti5O12–SnO2 composite anode material for lithium-ion batteries has been prepared by loading SnO2 on Li4Ti5O12 to obtain composite material with improved electrochemical performance relative to Li4Ti5O12 and SnO2. The composite material was characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that SnO2 particles have encapsulated on the surface of the...
Polyethylene oxide (PEO)–potassium hydroxide (KOH)-based alkaline solid polymer electrolyte films have been prepared by using methanol as solvent. The highest room temperature ionic conductivity of (2.1 ± 0.5) × 10−8 S cm−1 was achieved for the composition of 70 wt% PEO:30 wt% KOH. The addition of plasticizer, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, or polyethylene glycol to the highest conductivity...
The effect of metal-to-oxide grain boundary layer in $$ {\text{Ni}} - {\text{BaCe}}_{{0.8}} {\text{Y}}_{{0.2}} {\text{O}}_{{3 - \delta }} $$ (BCY) cermet membrane on hydrogen permeation was studied by applying the different size of oxide grain on Ni-BCY membranes. Two types of cermet membranes having different grain size of oxide were prepared by using different starting particle size of oxide...
Phase inversion technique was used to prepare poly(acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate) [P(AN-MMA)]-based microporous gel electrolyte with addition of SiO2 via in-situ composition for Li-ion batteries. The P(AN-MMA) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization and was dissolved into N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a uniform solution, while tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) was added into the solution...
Poly(squarate)s (PPS-1 and PPS-2) were synthesized by the reaction of squaryl dichloride with hydroquinone for PPS-1 and with 2,5-diethoxy-1,4-bis(trimethylsilyloxy)benzene for PPS-2, and the ionic conductivities, thermal properties, and electrochemical and thermal properties of their polymer electrolytes with LiN(CF3SO2)2 were investigated. The ionic conductivity increased with increasing the lithium...
Composite materials used for electrode and electrolyte materials have been intensely studied in view of their advantages such as higher conductivity and better operational performance compared to their single-phase counterparts. The present work aims at studying the electrical and structural characteristics of a new composite electrolyte namely, (PbI2)x − (Ag2O–Cr2O3)100−x where x = 5, 10, 15,...
A precursor of TiO2–LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2 was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly method. The final product was obtained by heating the precursor at 400–450 °C for 4–6 h in air. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical tests were used to examine the structural, morphology, elementary valence, and electrochemical characteristics...
This works report results of the structural and the electrochemical characterization of membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) under various cell conditions using different MEA production processes. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was applied “on-line” (in situ) as a tool for diagnosis concerning the cell performance. MEA with a 25-cm2 surface...
Thin films of Sb2Te3 and (Sb2Te3)70(Bi2Te3)30 alloy and have been deposited on precleaned glass substrate by thermal evaporation technique in a vacuum of 2 × 10−6 Torr. The structural study was carried out by X-ray diffractometer, which shows that the films are polycrystalline in nature. The grain size, microstrain and dislocation density were determined. The Seebeck coefficient was determined as...
We have adopted a modified combustion route, namely, a mixed fuel process (MFP) to prepare a novel series of nano-crystalline single- and multiple-doped ceria compositions with controlled powder characteristics, large surface area, finer particle size, high sinterability, and high oxide ion conductivity at intermediate temperatures (500–700 °C). Using the mixed fuel process, we have prepared nano-particles...
Lead Telluride (PbTe) films of different thickness were prepared onto precleaned glass substrates under the pressure of 2 × 10−5 Torr by thermal evaporation. X-ray diffraction technique, scanning electron microscopy, and current–voltage characteristics were used to characterize the films. The structural analysis of the films was carried using X-ray diffractometer. The surface morphology was analyzed...
Blended polymer electrolytes with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)–poly(acrylonitrile) (PAN) were prepared with different plasticizer concentrations and constant lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) ratio by the solution-casting technique. The structure and complexation of the prepared films were studied by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of the plasticizer on the ionic...
A novel composite anode material consisted of electrodeposited Cu–Sn alloy dispersing in a conductive micro-porous carbon membrane coated on Cu current collector was investigated. The composite material was prepared by template-like-directed electrodepositing Cu–Sn alloy process and then annealing. The template-like microporous membrane electrode was obtained as follows: (1) casting a polyacrylonitrile...
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) was prepared by the hot filament chemical vapor deposition method. The prepared samples were subjected to X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy studies. The BDD composite electrode/Li cell has been assembled, and its cycling behavior was studied. The BDD possesses large sp2 sites, which effectively participate in the lithium storage process...
Herein, the example of the most typical electrochromic material, namely WO3, is used to illustrate the potential of electrochromic materials for controlling infrared reflectance and hence, emissivity. Playing with various growth parameters, contrast in reflectance between the inserted HxWO3 and deinserted WO3 states as high as 73% in mid-wavelength band (MW, 3–5 μm) was achieved for 320 nm WO3 films...
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